IRGCN Tanker Seizures — Iran's Use of Shipping as Geopolitical Leverage
Background
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy (IRGCN) has systematically seized, harassed, and interfered with commercial shipping in the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and Gulf of Oman since at least 2019. These actions serve as tools of economic coercion, retaliation against Western sanctions, and leverage in nuclear negotiations. Iran targets vessels linked to Israel, the UK, the US, or countries enforcing oil sanctions. The IRGC has used fast-attack boats, helicopters, and armed boarding parties to seize vessels in international waters.
Current Status
IRGCN boarding operations and vessel seizures continue as a tool of Iranian policy. US and allied naval forces have increased their presence in the region but have not prevented all seizures. Several vessels remain in Iranian custody. The threat of seizure is a persistent risk factor for commercial shipping operators transiting the Strait of Hormuz and adjacent waters, particularly for vessels with any link to Israel or Western interests.
Key Events Timeline
Several vessels remain held; IRGCN maintains capability for future seizures
IRGCN commandos seize MSC Aries (Portugal-flagged, Israeli-linked) by helicopter
IRGCN seizes Marshall Islands-flagged St Nikolas in Gulf of Oman
IRGCN seizes Asphalt Princess tanker; crew held for days
IRGCN seizes Panama-flagged Niovi in Strait of Hormuz
IRGCN seizes Marshall Islands-flagged Advantage Sweet in Gulf of Oman
IRGCN vessels attempt to seize two US Navy vessels in Gulf of Oman; turned away
Armed drone attack on Mercer Street (UK-managed, Japanese-owned); two crew killed
IRGCN seizes UK-flagged Stena Impero in retaliation for Gibraltar Grace 1 seizure